Yield, nitrogen, and water use benefits of diversifying crop rotations with specialty oilseeds

Decreased agricultural diversity from extensive use of the corn (Zea mays L.)- soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) rotation and occasional inclusion spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), has threatened cropping system sustainability. Using specialty oilseeds crops to extend corn-soybean might improve yields promote We tested whether corn, soybean, would be improved in a following oilseed versus or soybean. In Phase 1, replicated blocks nine different flowering two traditional grain (corn soybean) were grown. phase 2, planted perpendicular previous year crops. This 2-year was repeated for three site-years, Morris, MN one Brookings, SD. Soil water balance evaluated during 1 determine seasonal use. Potential N mineralization measured prior planting subset treatments (spring canola, cuphea, soybean). Linear mixed models used analyze 2 yield responses crop. dynamics also analyzed with models. Corn higher any crop other than corn. Soybean did not significantly respond Yield patterns partially explained by potential Spring canola provided net nitrification compared Canola, camelina, borage, crambe had lower both at least site-year. short-term study indicated that similar rotation. Further, additional environmental benefits.